ST's portfolio of photovoltaic ICs includes both cool bypass switches designed to improve the reliability of panel electronics, and DC-DC converters with built-in MPPT which maximize power conversion of solar panels independently of temperature and the amount of solar irradiation. STM-1 photoelectric converter provides coverting between electrical interface and optical interface for STM-1 service based on SDH technology. STM32, a family of 32-bit ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers by STMicroelectronics, offers high performance, low power consumption, and extensive peripheral support.